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Strong Evidence

Vitamin D3 + K2

2,000-5,000 IU vitamin D3 daily with K2 (MK-7). Most people are deficient, and optimal levels (40-60 ng/mL) support immune function, bone health, and mood.

Time
1 min/day
Cost
$0-20
Equipment
None required
Min. Trial
3-6 months

Dosage & Timing

Duration
Ongoing
Frequency
Daily
Best Time
morning

Evidence Strength

4/5 — Strong

Strong evidence for correcting deficiency. Benefits clear for bone health, immune function, and mood. Optimal serum level debate ongoing (40-60 ng/mL generally recommended).

Overview

Supplement with vitamin D3 (2,000-5,000 IU/day) paired with vitamin K2 (MK-7, 100-200mcg/day). Most people in northern latitudes are deficient. Vitamin D affects immune function, bone health, mood, and hundreds of gene pathways. K2 ensures proper calcium routing.

How To Do It

1

Get tested

Measure 25(OH)D blood level. Target 40-60 ng/mL.

2

Start supplementing

2,000 IU/day if mildly low, 5,000 IU/day if significantly deficient (<30 ng/mL).

3

Add K2 (MK-7)

100-200mcg of vitamin K2 (MK-7 form) daily to direct calcium to bones, not arteries.

4

Retest in 3 months

Adjust dose based on follow-up blood work.

The Evidence

Each claim is linked to its source study. Confidence reflects the study design — systematic reviews and RCTs rank highest.

Vitamin D status and supplementation evidence are strongest for deficiency correction and skeletal outcomes.

Primary Literature

Meta-analysis:Vitamin D and mortality: meta-analysis of individual participant data (https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.g3656)

Who Popularized This

Rhonda Patrick
Peter Attia

Interactions & Warnings

Contraindications

  • Hypercalcemia
  • Granulomatous diseases (sarcoidosis)

Interactions

  • Take with a fat-containing meal for absorption
  • K2 prevents calcium misrouting from high D3

Measurable Outcomes

Serum 25(OH)D level 40-60 ng/mL
Improved mood (seasonal)
Better immune resilience
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